Keluaran 9:23

9:23 When Moses extended ¹  his staff toward the sky, the Lord ²  sent thunder ³  and hail, and fire fell to the earth; ⁴  so the Lord caused hail to rain down on the land of Egypt.

Yosua 10:11

10:11 As they fled from Israel on the slope leading down from ⁵  Beth Horon, the Lord threw down on them large hailstones from the sky, ⁶  all the way to Azekah. They died – in fact, more died from the hailstones than the Israelites killed with the sword.

Mazmur 78:47-48

78:47 He destroyed their vines with hail,

and their sycamore-fig trees with driving rain.

78:48 He rained hail down on their cattle, ⁷ 

and hurled lightning bolts down on their livestock. ⁸ 

Mazmur 105:32

105:32 He sent hail along with the rain; ⁹ 

there was lightning in their land. ¹⁰ 

Mazmur 148:8

148:8 O fire and hail, snow and clouds, ¹¹ 

O stormy wind that carries out his orders, ¹² 

Yesaya 30:30

30:30 The Lord will give a mighty shout ¹³ 

and intervene in power, ¹⁴ 

with furious anger and flaming, destructive fire, ¹⁵ 

with a driving rainstorm and hailstones.

Yehezkiel 38:22

38:22 I will judge him with plague and bloodshed. I will rain down on him, his troops and the many peoples who are with him a torrential downpour, hailstones, fire, and brimstone.

Hagai 2:18

2:18 ‘Think carefully about the past: ¹⁶  from today, the twenty-fourth day of the ninth month, ¹⁷  to the day work on the temple of the Lord was resumed, ¹⁸  think about it. ¹⁹ 

[9:23]  ¹ tn The preterite with the vav (ו) consecutive is here subordinated to the next clause in view of the emphasis put on the subject, Yahweh, by the disjunctive word order of that clause.

[9:23]  ² tn By starting the clause with the subject (an example of disjunctive word order) the text is certainly stressing that Yahweh alone did this.

[9:23]  ³ tn The expression נָתַן קֹלֹת (natan qolot) literally means “gave voices” (also “voice”). This is a poetic expression for sending the thunder. Ps 29:3 talks about the “voice of Yahweh” – the God of glory thunders!

[9:23]  ⁴ sn This clause has been variously interpreted. Lightning would ordinarily accompany thunder; in this case the mention of fire could indicate that the lightning was beyond normal and that it was striking in such a way as to start fires on the ground. It could also mean that fire went along the ground from the pounding hail.

[10:11]  ⁵ tn Heb “on the descent of.”

[10:11]  ⁶ tn Or “heaven” (also in v. 13). The Hebrew term שָׁמַיִם (shamayim) may be translated “heaven(s)” or “sky” depending on the context.

[78:48]  ⁷ tn Heb “and he turned over to the hail their cattle.”

[78:48]  ⁸ tn Heb “and their livestock to the flames.” “Flames” here refer to the lightning bolts that accompanied the storm.

[105:32]  ⁹ tn Heb “he gave their rains hail.”

[105:32]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “fire of flames [was] in their land.”

[148:8]  ¹¹ tn In Ps 119:83 the noun refers to “smoke,” but here, where the elements of nature are addressed, the clouds, which resemble smoke, are probably in view.

[148:8]  ¹² tn Heb “[that] does his word.”

[30:30]  ¹³ tn Heb “the Lord will cause the splendor of his voice to be heard.”

[30:30]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “and reveal the lowering of his arm.”

[30:30]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “and a flame of consuming fire.”

[2:18]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “set your heart.” A similar expression occurs in v. 15.

[2:18]  ¹⁷ sn The twenty-fourth day of the ninth month was Kislev 24 or December 18, 520. See v. 10. Here the reference is to “today,” the day the oracle is being delivered.

[2:18]  ¹⁸ sn The day work…was resumed. This does not refer to the initial founding of the Jerusalem temple in 536 b.c. but to the renewal of construction three months earlier (see 1:15). This is clear from the situation described in v. 19 which accords with the food scarcities of that time already detailed in Hag 1:10-11.

[2:18]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “set your heart.” A similar expression occurs in v. 15 and at the beginning of this verse.